Footsteps (Continued)

  • Even though we use foot size to estimate sex, it is sex determination that is the more compelling mental task.

  • Doubtful that perception of footsteps is "innate" -- most likely learned.

  • What may be innate is the motivation to learn acoustic cues that correlate with sexual identity.

  • Same disposition for sex determination evident in the visual system (Kozlowski & Cutting, 1977; Barclay, Cutting, & Kozlowski, 1978).

  • Brains may be disposed, whenever possible, to detect masculinity/femininity cues in sounds -- perhaps all sounds.

  • Said another way, gender may be one of the basic dimensions/features of timbre.